141 Device Abstraction Layer Specification

141.1 Introduction

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) has a major impact in the IT industry. It requires backend systems to receive information from sensors, actuators, and appliances in various vertical markets such as Smart Home, eHealth, industrial automation, logistics, and automotive telematics. Application developers have to face the still increasing amount of communication protocols which are the major hurdle for interoperability.

The Device Abstraction Layer specification provides a unified interface for application developers to interact with sensor, devices, etc. connected to a gateway. Application developers don't have to deal with protocol specific details which simplifies the development of their applications.

The remote device control provides an opportunity to save energy, to support better security, to save your time during daily tasks and more. The devices can play different roles in their networks as event reporters, controllers, etc. That dynamic behavior is well mappable to the dynamic OSGi service registry. When a new device is available in the network, there is a registration of a Device service. It realizes basic set of management operations and provides a rich set of properties. The applications can track the device status, read descriptive information and follow the device relations. A set of functions can belong to a single device. They represent the device operations and related properties in an atomic way. The device functions can be found in the OSGi service registry. The applications are allowed to get directly the required functions if they don't need information about the device. For example, light device is registered as Device service and there is Function service to turn on and turn off the light. The application can operate with the light control service without access to the device service.

141.1.1 Entities

  • Device - represents the device in the OSGi service registry. It's described with a set of service properties and provides basic management operations.

  • Function - atomic functional entity like switch or sensor. The function can belong to a device. The function provides a set of properties and operations.

  • FunctionEvent - asynchronous event. It's posted through EventAdmin service and notifies for Function property change.

  • FunctionData - data structure which carries Function property value with extra metadata.

  • PropertyMetadata and OperationMetadata - contain metadata about the Function properties and operations.

Figure 141.1 Device Abstraction Layer Overview

Device Abstraction Layer Overview

141.2 Device Category

The device category defined in the scope of the Device Access service specification is called DAL. DEVICE_CATEGORY constant contains the category name.

141.3 Device Service

The Device interface is dedicated to a common access to the devices provided by different protocols. It can be mapped one to one with the physical device, but can be mapped only with a given functional part of the device. Another mapping can be a device realized with a set of Device services and different relations between them. Device service can represent pure software unit. For example, it can simulate the real device work. There are basic management operations for removal and property access. New protocol devices can be supported with the registration of new Device services.

If the underlying protocol and the implementation allow, the Device services must be registered again after the OSGi framework restarts. The service properties must be restored, the supported functions must be registered and Device relations must be visible to the applications.

141.3.1 Device Service Properties

The OSGi service registry has the advantage of being easily accessible. The services can be filtered and accessed with their properties. The Device service has a rich set of such properties:

  • SERVICE_UID – Specifies the device unique identifier. It's a mandatory property. The value type is java.lang.String. To simplify the unique identifier generation, the property value must follow the rule:

    UID ::= driver-name ':' device-id
    • UID – device unique identifier

    • driver-name – the value of the Device.SERVICE_DRIVER service property

    • device-id – device unique identifier in the scope of the driver

  • SERVICE_REFERENCE_UIDS – Specifies the reference device unique identifiers. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It can be used to represent different relationships between the devices. For example, The EnOcean controller can have a reference to the USB dongle.

  • SERVICE_DRIVER – Specifies the device driver name. For example, EnOcean, Z-Wave, Bluetooth, etc. It's a mandatory property. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_NAME – Specifies the device name. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_STATUS – Specifies the current device status. It's a mandatory property. The value type java.lang.Integer. The possible values are:

    • STATUS_REMOVED – Indicates that the device has been removed from the network. That status must be set as the last device status and after that the device service can be unregistered from the service registry. The status is available for stale device services too. All transitions to this status are described in Removed.

    • STATUS_OFFLINE – Indicates that the device is currently not available for operations. The end device is available in the network and can become online later. The controller is unplugged or there is no connection. All transitions to and from this status are described in detail in Offline.

    • STATUS_ONLINE – Indicates that the device is currently available for operations. The recent communication with the device has been passed through. All transitions to and from this status are described in detail in Online.

    • STATUS_PROCESSING – Indicates that the device is currently busy with an operation. All transitions to and from this status are described in detail in Processing.

    • STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – Indicates that the device is currently not initialized. Some protocols don't provide device information right after the device is connected. The device can be initialized later when it's awakened. All transitions to and from this status are described in detail in Not Initialized.

    • STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – Indicates that the device is currently not configured. The device can require additional actions to become completely connected to the network. All transitions to and from this status are described in detail in Not Configured.

  • SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL – Provides the reason for the current device status. It's an optional property. The property value cannot be externally set or modified. The value type is java.lang.Integer. There are two value categories. Positive values indicate the reason for the current status like STATUS_DETAIL_CONNECTING. Negative values indicate errors related to the current device status like STATUS_DETAIL_BROKEN. The list with defined status details is:

    Custom status details are allowed, but they must not overlap the specified codes. To prevent possible collisions with further updates, custom codes must be greater than 100 and less than -100. Table 141.1 contains the mapping of the status details to the statuses.

    Table 141.1 Status detail to status mapping.

    Status Detail Status
    CONNECTING PROCESSING
    INITIALIZING PROCESSING
    REMOVING PROCESSING
    FIRMWARE_UPDATING PROCESSING
    CONFIGURATION_UNAPPLIED NOT_CONFIGURED
    BROKEN OFFLINE
    COMMUNICATION_ERROR ONLINE, NOT_INITIALIZED
    DATA_INSUFFICIENT NOT_INITIALIZED
    INACCESSIBLE OFFLINE
    CONFIGURATION_ERROR NOT_CONFIGURED
    DUTY_CYCLE OFFLINE

  • SERVICE_HARDWARE_VENDOR – Specifies the device hardware vendor. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_HARDWARE_VERSION – Specifies the device hardware version. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_FIRMWARE_VENDOR – Specifies the device firmware vendor. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_FIRMWARE_VERSION – Specifies the device firmware version. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_TYPES – Specifies the device types. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String[].

  • SERVICE_MODEL – Specifies the device model. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_SERIAL_NUMBER – Specifies the device serial number. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

The next code snippet prints all online devices.

ServiceReference[] deviceSRefs = context.getServiceReferences(
    Device.class.getName(),
    '(' + Device.SERVICE_STATUS + '=' + Device.STATUS_ONLINE + ')');
if (deviceSRefs != null) {
    for (int i = 0; i < deviceSRefs.length; i++) {
        printDevice(deviceSRefs[i]);
    }
}

Applications need to have an access to the device properties. For convenience, there are helper methods:

  • getServiceProperty(String) – Returns the current value of the specified property. The method will return the same value as org.osgi.framework.ServiceReference.getProperty(String) for the service reference of this device.

  • getServicePropertyKeys() – Returns an array with all device service property keys. The method will return the same value as org.osgi.framework.ServiceReference.getPropertyKeys() for the service reference of this device.

141.3.2 Device Registration

The devices are registered as services in the OSGi service registry. The service interface is org.osgi.service.dal.Device. There is a registration order. Device services are registered last on start up. Before their registration, there is Function service registration. The function registration procedure is described in Function Registration.

The OSGi service registry provides an access to the services, but there are no management operations like remove a given service. The service provider is responsible to register and unregister own services. That design doesn't provide an option to remove the device services. The Device interface fills this gap with remove() method. It's a callback to the service provider to remove the device from the network. The method can be optionally implemented. java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException can be thrown if the method is not supported. When the remove() is called:

  • An appropriate command will be synchronously send to the device. As a result it can leave the network.

  • The device status will be set to STATUS_REMOVED.

  • The related device service will be unregistered from the OSGi service registry.

There is an unregistration order. The registration reverse order is used when the services are unregistered. Device services are unregistered first before Function services.

141.3.3 Reference Devices

Device service can have a reference to other devices. That link can be used to represent different relationships between devices. For example, the EnOcean dongle can be used as USB Device and EnOcean network controller Device. The network controller device can have a reference to the physical USB device as it's depicted on the next diagram.

Figure 141.2 Device Reference

Device Reference

The related service property is SERVICE_REFERENCE_UIDS.

141.3.4 Device Status Transitions

The device status reveals the device availability. It can demonstrate that device is currently not available for operations or that the device requires some additional configuration steps. The status can move between the different values according to the rules defined in this section. The status transitions are summarized in Table 141.2, visualized on Figure 141.3 and described in detail in the next sections. The initial device status is always STATUS_PROCESSING. When device info is processed, the device can go to another status. The last possible device status is STATUS_REMOVED. The status must be set when the device is removed from the network. After that status, the device service will be unregistered.

Figure 141.3 Device Status Transitions

Device Status Transitions

Table 141.2 Device Status Transitions

From\To Status PROCESSING ONLINE OFFLINE NOT INITIALIZED NOT CONFIGURED REMOVED
PROCESSING - Initial device data has been read. Device is not accessible. Initial device data has been partially read. Device has a pending configuration. Device has been removed.
ONLINE Device data is processing. - Device is not accessible. - Device has a new pending configuration. Device has been removed.
OFFLINE Device data is processing. Device data has been read. - - Device has a pending configuration. Device has been removed.
NOT INITIALIZED Device data is processing. - Device is not accessible. - - Device has been removed.
NOT CONFIGURED Device data is processing. Device pending configuration is satisfied. Device is not accessible. - - Device has been removed.
REMOVED - - - - - -

141.3.4.1 Removed

The device can go to STATUS_REMOVED from any other status. Once reached, the device status cannot be updated any more. The device has been removed from the network and the device service is unregistered from the OSGi service registry. If there are stale references to the Device service, their status will be set to STATUS_REMOVED.

The common way for a given device to be removed is remove() method. When the method returns, the device status will be STATUS_REMOVED. It requires a synchronous execution of the operation.

141.3.4.2 Offline

The STATUS_OFFLINE indicates that the device is currently not available for operations. That status can be set, because of different reasons. The network controller has been unplugged, the connection to the device has been lost, etc. The device can move to this status from any other status with the exception of STATUS_REMOVED. Transitions to and from this status are:

  • From STATUS_OFFLINE to STATUS_REMOVED – The device has been removed. The status can be set as a result of remove() method call.

  • From STATUS_OFFLINE to STATUS_PROCESSING – Device data is processing.

  • From STATUS_OFFLINE to STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – The device has a pending configuration.

  • From STATUS_OFFLINE to STATUS_ONLINE – Device data has been read and the device is currently available for operations.

  • From STATUS_OFFLINE to STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – That transition is not possible, because the status have to go through STATUS_PROCESSING. If the processing is unsuccessful, STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED will be set.

  • To STATUS_OFFLINE from STATUS_REMOVED – That transition is not possible. If the device has been removed, the service will be unregistered from the service registry.

  • To STATUS_OFFLINE from STATUS_PROCESSING – The device is not accessible any more while device data is processing.

  • To STATUS_OFFLINE from STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – The device with pending configuration is not accessible any more.

  • To STATUS_OFFLINE from STATUS_ONLINE – The online device is not accessible any more.

  • To STATUS_OFFLINE from STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – The not initialized device is not accessible any more.

The possible transitions are summarized on Figure 141.4.

Figure 141.4 Transitions to and from STATUS_OFFLINE

Transitions to and from STATUS_OFFLINE


141.3.4.3 Online

The STATUS_ONLINE indicates that the device is currently available for operations. The online devices are initialized and ready for use. Transitions to and from this status are:

  • From STATUS_ONLINE to STATUS_REMOVED – The device has been removed. The status can be set as a result of remove() method call.

  • From STATUS_ONLINE to STATUS_PROCESSING – The device data is processing.

  • From STATUS_ONLINE to STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – The device has a pending configuration.

  • From STATUS_ONLINE to STATUS_OFFLINE – The online device is not accessible any more.

  • From STATUS_ONLINE to STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – That transition is not possible. Online devices are initialized.

  • To STATUS_ONLINE from STATUS_REMOVED – That transition is not possible. If the device has been removed, the service will be unregistered from the service registry.

  • To STATUS_ONLINE from STATUS_PROCESSING – Initial device data has been read. The device is available for operations.

  • To STATUS_ONLINE from STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – The device pending configuration is satisfied.

  • To STATUS_ONLINE from STATUS_OFFLINE – The device is accessible for operations.

  • To STATUS_ONLINE from STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – That transition is not possible. The device data has to be processed and then the device can become online. Intermediate status STATUS_PROCESSING will be used.

The possible transitions are summarized on Figure 141.5.

Figure 141.5 Transitions to and from STATUS_ONLINE

Transitions to and from STATUS_ONLINE


141.3.4.4 Processing

The status indicates that the device is currently busy with an operation. It can be time consuming operation and can result to any other status. The operation processing can be reached by any other status except STATUS_REMOVED. For example, offline device requires some data processing to become online. It will apply this status sequence: STATUS_OFFLINE, STATUS_PROCESSING and STATUS_ONLINE. Transitions to and from this status are:

  • From STATUS_PROCESSING to STATUS_REMOVED – The device has been removed. The status can be set as a result of remove() method call.

  • From STATUS_PROCESSING to STATUS_ONLINE – Initial device data has been read. The device is available for operations.

  • From STATUS_PROCESSING to STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – The device has a pending configuration.

  • From STATUS_PROCESSING to STATUS_OFFLINE – The device is not accessible any more.

  • From STATUS_PROCESSING to STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – The device initial data is partially read.

  • To STATUS_PROCESSING from STATUS_REMOVED – That transition is not possible. If the device has been removed, the service will be unregistered from the service registry.

  • To STATUS_PROCESSING from STATUS_ONLINE – The device is busy with an operation.

  • To STATUS_PROCESSING from STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – The device pending configuration is satisfied and the device is busy with an operation.

  • To STATUS_PROCESSING from STATUS_OFFLINE – The device is busy with an operation.

  • To STATUS_PROCESSING from STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – The device initial data is processing.

The possible transitions are summarized on Figure 141.6.

Figure 141.6 Transitions to and from STATUS_PROCESSING

Transitions to and from STATUS_PROCESSING


141.3.4.5 Not Initialized

The status indicates that the device is currently not initialized. Some protocols don't provide device information right after the device is connected. The device can be initialized later when it's awakened. The not initialized device requires some data processing to become online. STATUS_PROCESSING is used as an intermediate status. Transitions to and from this status are:

  • From STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED to STATUS_REMOVED – The device has been removed. The status can be set as a result of remove() method call.

  • From STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED to STATUS_PROCESSING – The device data is processing.

  • From STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED to STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – That transition is not possible. Device requires some data processing.

  • From STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED to STATUS_OFFLINE – The device is not accessible any more.

  • From STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED to STATUS_ONLINE – That transition is not possible. Device requires some data processing to become online.

  • To STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED from STATUS_REMOVED – That transition is not possible. If the device has been removed, the service will be unregistered from the service registry.

  • To STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED from STATUS_PROCESSING – Device data is partially read.

  • To STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED from STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED – That transition is not possible. When device pending configuration is satisfied, the device requires additional data processing.

  • To STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED from STATUS_OFFLINE – That transition is not possible. Device requires some data processing and then can become not initialized.

  • To STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED from STATUS_ONLINE – That transition is not possible. The online device is initialized.

The possible transitions are summarized on Figure 141.7.

Figure 141.7 Transitions to and from STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED

Transitions to and from STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED


141.3.4.6 Not Configured

Indicates that the device is currently not configured. The device can require additional actions to become completely connected to the network. For example, a given device button has to be pushed. That status doesn't have transitions with STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED, because some data processing is required. Transitions to and from this status are:

  • From STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED to STATUS_REMOVED – The device has been removed. The status can be set as a result of remove() method call.

  • From STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED to STATUS_PROCESSING – The device pending configuration is satisfied and some additional data processing is required.

  • From STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED to STATUS_ONLINE – The device pending configuration is satisfied.

  • From STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED to STATUS_OFFLINE – The device is not accessible any more.

  • From STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED to STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – That transition is not possible. When device pending configuration is satisfied, the device requires additional data processing.

  • To STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED from STATUS_REMOVED – That transition is not possible. If the device has been removed, the service will be unregistered from the service registry.

  • To STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED from STATUS_PROCESSING – Initial device data has been read but there is a pending configuration.

  • To STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED from STATUS_ONLINE – The device has a pending configuration.

  • To STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED from STATUS_OFFLINE – The device is going to be online, but has a pending configuration.

  • To STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED from STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED – That transition is not possible. Device requires some data processing.

The possible transitions are summarized on Figure 141.8.

Figure 141.8 Transitions to and from STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED

Transitions to and from STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED


141.4 Function Service

The user applications have full control over the device with the Function services. Synchronous or asynchronous operations can trigger different actions. For example, turn on or off the light, can change the room temperature, send an user notification, etc. The action result can be reported immediately or later in case of concurrent execution. As a result, a Function property can be updated. The property is the device value container. It can provide, sensor information, meter data, the switch current position, etc. Different property access types allow the applications to read, write or receive events.

141.4.1 Function Service Properties

The OSGi service registry has the advantage of being easily accessible. The services can be filtered and accessed with their properties. The function service has a rich set of such properties:

  • SERVICE_UID – mandatory service property. The property value is the function unique identifier. The value type is java.lang.String. To simplify the unique identifier generation, the property value must follow the rule:

    function UID ::= device-id ':' function-id
    • function UID – function unique identifier

    • device-id – the value of the Device.SERVICE_UID Device service property

    • function-id – function identifier in the scope of the device

    If the function is not bound to a device, the function unique identifier can be device independent.

  • SERVICE_TYPE – optional service property. The service property value contains the function type. For example, the sensor function can have different types like temperature, pressure, etc. The value type is java.lang.String.

    Organizations that want to use function types that do not clash with OSGi Working Group defined types should prefix their types in own namespace.

  • SERVICE_VERSION – optional service property. The service property value contains the function version. That version can point to specific implementation version and vary in the different vendor implementations. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_DEVICE_UID – optional service property. The property value is the device identifier. The function belongs to this device. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_REFERENCE_UIDS – optional service property. The service property value contains the reference function unique identifiers. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It can be used to represent different relationships between the functions.

  • SERVICE_DESCRIPTION – optional service property. The property value is the function description. The value type is java.lang.String.

  • SERVICE_OPERATION_NAMES – optional service property. The property is missing when there are no function operations and property must be set when there are function operations. The property value is the function operation names. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It's not possible to exist two or more function operations with the same name i.e. the operation overloading is not allowed.

  • SERVICE_PROPERTY_NAMES – optional service property. The property is missing when there are no function properties and property must be set when there are function properties. The property value is the function property names. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It's not possible to exist two or more function properties with the same name.

141.4.2 Function Registration

On start up, the Function services are registered before the Device service. It's possible that SERVICE_DEVICE_UID points to missing service at the moment of the registration. The reverse order is used when the services are unregistered. Device service is unregistered before the Function services. The device registration procedure is available in Device Registration.

The Function service should be registered only under the function class hierarchy. Other classes can be used if there are no ambiguous representations. For example, an ambiguous representation can be a function registered under two independent function classes like BinarySwitch and Meter. In this example, both functions support the same property “state” with different meaning. getPropertyMetadata(String propertyName) method cannot determinate which property is requested. It can be BinarySwitch “state” or Meter “state”.

To simplify the generic function discovery, the Function interface must be used for the service registration. In this way, the generic applications can easily find all services, which are functions in the service registry. Because of this rule, this registration is not allowed:

context.registerService(MeterV1.class.getName(), this, regProps);

If the implementation would like to mark that there is a function, but no specific function interface exists, the registration can be:

context.registerService(Function.class.getName(), this, regProps);

Note that such functions usually don't have operations and properties.

141.4.3 Function Interface

Function is built by a set of properties and operations. The function can have unique identifier, type, version, description, link to the Device service and information about the referenced functions. Function interface must be the base interface for all functions. If the device provider defines custom functions, all of them must extend Function interface. It provides a common access to the operations and properties metadata.

There are some general type rules, which unify the access to the function data. They make easier the transfer over different protocols. All properties and operation arguments must use one of:

  • Java primitive type or corresponding reference type.

  • Numerical type i.e. the type which extends java.lang.Number. The numerical type must follow these conventions:

    • The type must provide a public static method called valueOf that returns an instance of the given type and takes a single String argument or a public constructor which takes a single String argument.

    • The String argument from the previous bullet can be provided by toString() method of the instance.

  • java.lang.String

  • Java Bean, but its properties must use those rules. Java Bean is defined in [1] JavaBeans Spec.

  • java.util.Map instance. The map keys can be java.lang.String. The values of a single type follow these rules.

  • Array of defined types.

In order to provide common behavior, all functions must follow a set of common rules related to the implementation of their setters, getters, operations and events:

  • The setter method must be executed synchronously. If the underlying protocol can return response to the setter call, it must be awaited. It simplifies the property value modification and doesn't require asynchronous callback.

  • The operation method must be executed synchronously. If the underlying protocol can return an operation confirmation or response, it must be awaited. It simplifies the operation execution and doesn't require asynchronous callback.

  • The getter must return the last know cached property value. The device implementation is responsible to keep that value up to date. It'll speed up the applications when the function property values are collected. The same cached value can be shared between a few requests instead of a few calls to the real device.

  • The function operations, getters and setters must not override java.lang.Object and this interface methods. For example:

    • hashCode() – it's java.lang.Object method and invalid function operation;

    • wait() – it's java.lang.Object method and invalid function operation;

    • getClass() – it's java.lang.Object method and invalid function getter;

    • getPropertyMetadata(String propertyName) – it's org.osgi.service.dal.Function method and invalid function getter.

141.4.4 Function Operations

Function operations are the main callable units. They can perform a specific task on the device like turn on or turn off. They can be used by the applications to control the device. Operation names are available as a value of the service property SERVICE_OPERATION_NAMES. The operations are identified by their names. It's not possible to exist two operations with the same name i.e. overloaded operations are not allowed. They cannot override the property accessor methods. The operations are regular java methods. That implies that they have zero or more arguments and zero or one return value. The operation arguments and return value must follow the general type rules.

The operations can be optionally described with metadata. Metadata is accessible with getOperationMetadata(String) method. The result provides metadata about the operation, operation arguments and result value. Operation arguments and result value are using the same metadata as the function properties. The full details are defined in the next section.

141.4.5 Function Properties

Function properties are class fields. Their values can be read with getter methods and can be set with setter methods. The property names are available as a value of the service property SERVICE_PROPERTY_NAMES. The properties are identified by their names. It's not possible to exist two properties with the same name.

The function properties must be integrated according to these rules:

  • Getter methods must be available for all properties with ACCESS_READABLE access.

  • Getter method must return a subclass of FunctionData.

  • Setter methods must be available for all properties with ACCESS_WRITABLE access.

  • Setter methods can be any combination of:

    • Setter method which accepts a subclass of FunctionData.

    • Setter method which accepts the values used by the FunctionData subclass, if there are no equal types.

    It's possible to have only one or both of them. Examples:

    • There is MyFunctionData bean with BigDecimal value for a data property. Valid setters are setData(MyFunctionData data) and setData(BigDecimal data).

    • There is MySecondFunctionData bean with BigDecimal prefix and BigDecimal suffix for a data property. The prefix and suffix are using equal types and we cannot have a setter with the values used by MySecondFunctionData. The only one possible setter is setData(MySecondFunctionData data).

  • No methods are required for properties with ACCESS_EVENTABLE access.

The accessor method names must be defined according to [1] JavaBeans Spec.

The properties can be optionally described with a set of metadata properties. The property values can be collected with getPropertyMetadata(String) method. The method result is PropertyMetadata with:

  • Minimum value – available through getMinValue(String). The minimum value can be different for the different units.

  • Maximum value – available through getMaxValue(String). The maximum value can be different for the different units.

  • Enumeration of values – available through getEnumValues(String). The array of the possible values is sorted in increasing order according to the given unit.

  • Step – available through getStep(String). The difference between two values in series. For example, if the range is [0, 100], the step can be 10.

  • Property access – available as a value in getMetadata(String) result map. It's a bitmap of java.lang.Integer type and doesn't depend on the given unit. The access is available only for the function properties and it's missing for the operation arguments and result metadata. The bitmap can be any combination of:

    • ACCESS_READABLE – Marks the property as a readable. Function must provide a getter method for this property according to [1] JavaBeans Spec. Function operations must not be overridden by this getter method.

    • ACCESS_WRITABLE – Marks the property as writable. Function must provide a setter method for this property according to [1] JavaBeans Spec. Function operations must not be overridden by this setter method.

    • ACCESS_EVENTABLE – Marks the property as eventable. Function must not provide special methods because of this access type. FunctionEvent is sent on property change. Note that the event can be sent when there is no value change.

  • Units - available as a value in getMetadata(String) result map. They can be requested with key UNITS. The value contains the property supported units. The property value type is java.lang.String[]. The array first element at index 0 represents the default unit. Each unit must follow those rules:

    • The International System of Units must be used where it's applicable. For example, kg for kilogram and km for kilometer.

    • If the unit name matches to a Unicode symbol name, the Unicode symbol must be used. For example, the degree unit matches to the Unicode degree sign (°).

    • If the unit name doesn't match to a Unicode symbol, the unit symbol must be built by Unicode Basic Latin block of characters, superscript and subscript characters. For example, watt per square meter steradian is built by W/(m² sr).

    If those rules cannot be applied to the unit symbol, custom rules are allowed.

    A set of predefined unit symbols are available in SIUnits interface.

  • Description – available as a value in getMetadata(String) result map. It can be requested with key DESCRIPTION. The property value type is java.lang.String and specifies a user readable description. It doesn't depend on the given unit.

  • Vendor custom properties – available as a value in getMetadata(String) result map and can depend on the given unit. Organizations that want to use custom keys that do not clash with OSGi Working Group defined should prefix their keys in own namespace.

141.4.6 Function Property Events

The eventable function properties can trigger a new event on each property value modification. It doesn't require a modification of the value. For example, the motion sensor can send a few events with no property value change when motion is detected and continued to be detected. The event must use FunctionEvent class. The event properties are:

For example, there is function with an eventable boolean property called “state”. When “state” value is changed to false, function implementation can post:

FunctionEvent {
    dal.function.UID=acme.function
    dal.function.property.name=”state”
    dal.function.property.value=ACMEFuntionData(java.lang.Boolean.FALSE...)
}

141.5 Security

141.5.1 Device Permission

The DevicePermission controls the bundle's authority to perform specific privileged administrative operations on the devices. There is only one action for this permission REMOVE to protect remove() method.

The name of the permission is a filter based. For more details about filter based permissions, see OSGi Core Specification, Filter Based Permissions. The filter provides an access to all device service properties. Filter attribute names are processed in a case sensitive manner. For example, the operator can give a bundle the permission to only manage devices of vendor "acme":

org.osgi.service.dal.DevicePermission("dal.device.hardware.vendor=acme", "remove")

The permission action allows the operator to assign only the necessary permissions to the bundle. For example, the management bundle can have permission to remove all registered devices:

org.osgi.service.dal.DevicePermission("*", "remove")

The code that needs to check the device permission must always use the constructor that takes the device as a parameter Device with a single action. For example, the implementation of remove() method must check that the caller has an access to the operation:

public class DeviceImpl implements Device {
  ...
  public void remove() {
    securityManager.checkPermission(
      new DevicePermission(this, DevicePermission.REMOVE));
  }
  ...
}

141.5.2 Required Permissions

The Device implementation must check the caller for the appropriate DevicePermission before execution of the remove operation. Once the DevicePermission is checked against the caller the implementation will proceed with the actual operation. The operation can require a number of other permissions to complete. The implementation must isolate the caller from such permission checks by use of proper privileged blocks.

DevicePermission check will keep the Device implementation in the call stack. This requires the implementation to have this permission to perform the operation. The security policy should be aware of this and should grant the correct permissions. Note that the DevicePermission is a filter based permission, see OSGi Core Specification, Filter Based Permissions. It provides flexibility and fine control based on the Device service properties.

141.6 org.osgi.service.dal

Version 1.0

Device Abstraction Layer Package Version 1.0.

Bundles wishing to use this package must list the package in the Import-Package header of the bundle's manifest. This package has two types of users: the consumers that use the API in this package and the providers that implement the API in this package.

Example import for consumers using the API in this package:

Import-Package: org.osgi.service.dal; version="[1.0,2.0)"

Example import for providers implementing the API in this package:

Import-Package: org.osgi.service.dal; version="[1.0,1.1)"

141.6.1 Summary

  • Device - Represents the device in the OSGi service registry.

  • DeviceException - DeviceException is a special IOException, which is thrown to indicate that there is a device operation fail.

  • DevicePermission - A bundle's authority to perform specific privileged administrative operations on the devices.

  • Function - Function service provides specific device operations and properties.

  • FunctionData - Abstract Function data wrapper.

  • FunctionEvent - Asynchronous event, which marks a function property value modification.

  • OperationMetadata - Contains metadata about function operation.

  • PropertyMetadata - Contains metadata about a function property, a function operation parameter or a function operation return value.

  • SIUnits - Contains most of the International System of Units unit symbols.

141.6.2 public interface Device

Represents the device in the OSGi service registry. Note that Device services are registered last. Before their registration, there is Function services registration. The reverse order is used when the services are unregistered. Device services are unregistered first before Function services.

141.6.2.1 public static final String DEVICE_CATEGORY = "DAL"

Constant for the value of the Constants.DEVICE_CATEGORY service property. That category is used by all device services.

Constants.DEVICE_CATEGORY

141.6.2.2 public static final String SERVICE_DESCRIPTION = "dal.device.description"

The service property value contains the device description. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.3 public static final String SERVICE_DRIVER = "dal.device.driver"

The service property value contains the device driver name. For example, EnOcean, Z-Wave, Bluetooth, etc. It's a mandatory property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.4 public static final String SERVICE_FIRMWARE_VENDOR = "dal.device.firmware.vendor"

The service property value contains the device firmware vendor. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.5 public static final String SERVICE_FIRMWARE_VERSION = "dal.device.firmware.version"

The service property value contains the device firmware version. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.6 public static final String SERVICE_HARDWARE_VENDOR = "dal.device.hardware.vendor"

The service property value contains the device hardware vendor. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.7 public static final String SERVICE_HARDWARE_VERSION = "dal.device.hardware.version"

The service property value contains the device hardware version. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.8 public static final String SERVICE_MODEL = "dal.device.model"

The service property value contains the device model. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.9 public static final String SERVICE_NAME = "dal.device.name"

The service property value contains the device name. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.10 public static final String SERVICE_REFERENCE_UIDS = "dal.device.reference.UIDs"

The service property value contains the reference device unique identifiers. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It can be used to represent different relationships between the devices. For example, the EnOcean controller can have a reference to the USB dongle.

141.6.2.11 public static final String SERVICE_SERIAL_NUMBER = "dal.device.serial.number"

The service property value contains the device serial number. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.2.12 public static final String SERVICE_STATUS = "dal.device.status"

The service property value contains the device status. It's a mandatory property. The value type is java.lang.Integer. The possible values are:

141.6.2.13 public static final String SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL = "dal.device.status.detail"

The service property value contains the device status detail. It holds the reason for the current device status. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.Integer. There are two value categories:

141.6.2.14 public static final String SERVICE_TYPES = "dal.device.types"

The service property value contains the device types like DVD, TV, etc. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String[].

141.6.2.15 public static final String SERVICE_UID = "dal.device.UID"

The service property value contains the device unique identifier. It's a mandatory property. The value type is java.lang.String. To simplify the unique identifier generation, the property value must follow the rule:

UID ::= driver-name ':' device-id

UID - device unique identifier

driver-name - the value of the SERVICE_DRIVER service property

device-id - device unique identifier in the scope of the driver

141.6.2.16 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_BROKEN

Device status detail indicates that the device is broken. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_OFFLINE.

141.6.2.17 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_COMMUNICATION_ERROR

Device status detail indicates that the device communication is problematic. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_ONLINE or STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED.

141.6.2.18 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_CONFIGURATION_ERROR

Device status detail indicates that the device cannot be configured. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED.

141.6.2.19 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_CONFIGURATION_UNAPPLIED

Device status detail indicates that the device configuration is not applied. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED.

141.6.2.20 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_CONNECTING

Device status detail indicates that the device is currently connecting to the network. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_PROCESSING.

141.6.2.21 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_DATA_INSUFFICIENT

Device status detail indicates that the device doesn't provide enough information and cannot be determined. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED.

141.6.2.22 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_DUTY_CYCLE

Device status detail indicates that the device is in duty cycle. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_OFFLINE.

141.6.2.23 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_FIRMWARE_UPDATING

Device status detail indicates that the device firmware is updating. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_PROCESSING.

141.6.2.24 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_INACCESSIBLE

Device status detail indicates that the device is not accessible and further communication is not possible. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_OFFLINE.

141.6.2.25 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_INITIALIZING

Device status detail indicates that the device is currently in process of initialization. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_PROCESSING.

141.6.2.26 public static final Integer STATUS_DETAIL_REMOVING

Device status detail indicates that the device is leaving the network. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS_DETAIL service property. The device status must be STATUS_PROCESSING.

141.6.2.27 public static final Integer STATUS_NOT_CONFIGURED

Device status indicates that the device is currently not configured. The device can require additional actions to become completely connected to the network. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS service property.

141.6.2.28 public static final Integer STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED

Device status indicates that the device is currently not initialized. Some protocols don't provide device information right after the device is connected. The device can be initialized later when it's awakened. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS service property.

141.6.2.29 public static final Integer STATUS_OFFLINE

Device status indicates that the device is currently not available for operations. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS service property.

141.6.2.30 public static final Integer STATUS_ONLINE

Device status indicates that the device is currently available for operations. The recent communication with the device has been passed through. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS service property.

141.6.2.31 public static final Integer STATUS_PROCESSING

Device status indicates that the device is currently busy with an operation. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS service property.

141.6.2.32 public static final Integer STATUS_REMOVED

Device status indicates that the device has been removed from the network. That status must be set as the last device status. After that the device service can be unregistered from the service registry. It can be used as a value of SERVICE_STATUS service property.

141.6.2.33 public Object getServiceProperty(String propKey)

The property key.

Returns the current value of the specified property. The method will return the same value as ServiceReference.getProperty(String) for the service reference of this device.

This method must continue to return property values after the device service has been unregistered.

The property value or null if the property key cannot be mapped to a value.

141.6.2.34 public String[] getServicePropertyKeys()

Returns an array with all device service property keys. The method will return the same value as ServiceReference.getPropertyKeys() for the service reference of this device. The result cannot be null.

An array with all device service property keys, cannot be null.

141.6.2.35 public void remove() throws DeviceException

Removes this device.

The method must synchronously:

  • Remove the device from the device network.

  • Set the device status to STATUS_REMOVED.

  • Unregister the device service from the OSGi service registry.

The caller should release the device service after successful execution, because the device will not be operational.

DeviceException– If an operation error is available.

UnsupportedOperationException– If the operation is not supported over this device.

SecurityException– If the caller does not have the appropriate DevicePermission(this device, DevicePermission.REMOVE ) and the Java Runtime Environment supports permissions.

IllegalStateException– If this device service object has already been unregistered.

141.6.3 public class DeviceException
extends IOException

DeviceException is a special IOException, which is thrown to indicate that there is a device operation fail. The error reason can be located with getCode() method. The cause is available with getCause().

141.6.3.1 public static final int COMMUNICATION_ERROR = 1

An exception code indicates that there is an error in the communication.

141.6.3.2 public static final int NO_DATA = 4

An exception code indicates that the requested value is currently not available.

141.6.3.3 public static final int NOT_INITIALIZED = 3

An exception code indicates that the device is not initialized. The device status is Device.STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED or Device.STATUS_PROCESSING.

141.6.3.4 public static final int TIMEOUT = 2

An exception code indicates that there is expired timeout without any processing.

141.6.3.5 public static final int UNKNOWN = 0

An exception code indicates that the error is unknown.

141.6.3.6 public DeviceException()

Construct a new device exception with null message. The cause is not initialized and the exception code is set to UNKNOWN.

141.6.3.7 public DeviceException(String message)

The exception message.

Constructs a new device exception with the given message. The cause is not initialized and the exception code is set to UNKNOWN.

141.6.3.8 public DeviceException(String message, Throwable cause)

The exception message.

The exception cause.

Constructs a new device exception with the given message and cause. The exception code is set to UNKNOWN.

141.6.3.9 public DeviceException(String message, Throwable cause, int code)

The exception message.

The exception cause.

The exception code.

Constructs a new device exception with the given message, cause and code.

141.6.3.10 public int getCode()

Returns the exception code. It indicates the reason for this exception. The code can be:

Zero and positive values are reserved for this definition and further extensions of the device exception codes. Custom codes can be used only as negative values to prevent potential collisions.

An exception code.

141.6.4 public class DevicePermission
extends BasicPermission

A bundle's authority to perform specific privileged administrative operations on the devices. The method Device.remove() is protected with REMOVE permission action.

The name of the permission is a filter based. See OSGi Core Specification, Filter Based Permissions. The filter gives an access to all device service properties. Filter attribute names are processed in a case sensitive manner.

141.6.4.1 public static final String REMOVE = "remove"

A permission action to remove the device.

141.6.4.2 public DevicePermission(String filter, String action)

A filter expression that can use any device service property. The filter attribute names are processed in a case insensitive manner. A special value of "*" can be used to match all devices.

REMOVE action.

Creates a new DevicePermission with the given filter and actions. The constructor must only be used to create a permission that is going to be checked.

A filter example: (dal.device.hardware.vendor=acme)

An action: remove

IllegalArgumentException– If the filter syntax is not correct or invalid action is specified.

NullPointerException– If the filter or action is null.

141.6.4.3 public DevicePermission(Device device, String action)

The device that needs to be checked for a permission.

REMOVE action.

Creates a new DevicePermission with the given device and actions. The permission must be used for the security checks like:

securityManager.checkPermission(new DevicePermission(this, "remove")) . The permissions constructed by this constructor must not be added to the DevicePermission permission collections.

IllegalArgumentException– If an invalid action is specified.

NullPointerException– If the device or action is null.

141.6.4.4 public boolean equals(Object obj)

The object being compared for equality with this object.

Two DevicePermission instances are equal if:

  • Represents the same filter and action.

  • Represents the same device (in respect to device unique identifier) and action.

true if two permissions are equal, false otherwise.

141.6.4.5 public String getActions()

Returns the canonical string representation of REMOVE action.

The canonical string representation of the actions.

141.6.4.6 public int hashCode()

Returns the hash code value for this object.

Hash code value for this object.

141.6.4.7 public boolean implies(Permission p)

The permission to be implied. It must be constructed by DevicePermission(Device, String).

Determines if the specified permission is implied by this object. The method will return false if the specified permission was not constructed by DevicePermission(Device, String). Returns true if the specified permission is a DevicePermission and this permission filter matches the specified permission device properties.

true if the specified permission is implied by this permission, false otherwise.

IllegalArgumentException– If the specified permission is not constructed by DevicePermission(Device, String).

141.6.4.8 public PermissionCollection newPermissionCollection()

Returns a new PermissionCollection suitable for storing DevicePermission instances.

A new PermissionCollection instance.

141.6.5 public interface Function

Function service provides specific device operations and properties. Each function service must implement this interface. In additional to this interface, the implementation can provide own:

  • properties;

  • operations.

The function service is registered in the service registry with these service properties:

  • SERVICE_UID - mandatory service property. The property value contains the function unique identifier.

  • SERVICE_DEVICE_UID - optional service property. The property value is the Functional Device identifiers. The function belongs to those devices.

  • SERVICE_REFERENCE_UIDS - optional service property. The property value contains the reference function unique identifiers.

  • SERVICE_TYPE - mandatory service property. The property value is the function type.

  • SERVICE_VERSION - optional service property. The property value contains the function version.

  • SERVICE_DESCRIPTION - optional service property. The property value is the function description.

  • SERVICE_OPERATION_NAMES - optional service property. The property is missing when there are no function operations and property must be set when there are function operations. The property value is the function operation names.

  • SERVICE_PROPERTY_NAMES - optional service property. The property is missing when there are no function properties and property must be set when there are function properties. The property value is the function property names.

On start up, the Function services are registered before the Device services. It's possible that SERVICE_DEVICE_UID point to missing services at the moment of the registration. The reverse order is used when the services are unregistered. Function services are unregistered last after Device services.

The Function service should be registered only under the function class hierarchy. Other classes can be used if there are no ambiguous representations. For example, an ambiguous representation can be a function registered under two independent function classes like BinarySwitch and Meter. In this example, both functions support the same property state with different meaning. getPropertyMetadata(String propertyName) method cannot determinate which property is requested. It can be BinarySwitch state or Meter state.

To simplify the generic function discovery, the Function interface must be used for the service registration. In this way, the generic applications can easily find all services, which are functions in the service registry. Because of this rule, this registration is not allowed:

context.registerService(MeterV1.class.getName(), this, regProps);

If the implementation would like to mark that there is a function, but no specific function interface exists, the registration can be:

context.registerService(Function.class.getName(), this, regProps);

Note that such functions usually don't have operations and properties.

The function properties must be integrated according to these rules:

  • Getter methods must be available for all properties with PropertyMetadata.ACCESS_READABLE access.

  • Getter method must return a subclass of FunctionData.

  • Setter methods must be available for all properties with PropertyMetadata.ACCESS_WRITABLE access.

  • Setter methods can be any combination of:

    • Setter method which accepts a subclass of FunctionData.

    • Setter method which accepts the values used by the FunctionData subclass, if there are no equal types.

    It's possible to have only one or both of them. Examples:

    • There is MyFunctionData bean with BigDecimal value for a data property. Valid setters are setData(MyFunctionData data) and setData(BigDecimal data).

    • There is MySecondFunctionData bean with BigDecimal prefix and BigDecimal suffix for a data property. The prefix and suffix are using equal types and we cannot have a setter with the values used by MySecondFunctionData. The only one possible setter is setData(MySecondFunctionData data).

  • No methods are required for properties with PropertyMetadata.ACCESS_EVENTABLE access.

The accessor method names must be defined according JavaBeans specification.

The function operations are java methods, which cannot override the property accessor methods. They can have zero or more parameters and zero or one return value.

Operation arguments and function properties are restricted by the same set of rules. The data type can be one of the following types:

  • Java primitive type or corresponding reference type.

  • java.lang.String.

  • Numerical type i.e. the type which extends java.lang.Number. The numerical type must follow these conventions:

    • The type must provide a public static method called valueOf that returns an instance of the given type and takes a single String argument or a public constructor which takes a single String argument.

    • The String argument from the previous bullet can be provided by toString() method of the instance.

  • Beans, but the beans properties must use those rules. Java Beans are defined in JavaBeans specification.

  • java.util.Maps. The keys can be java.lang.String. The values of a single type follow these rules.

  • Arrays of defined types.

The properties metadata is accessible with getPropertyMetadata(String). The operations metadata is accessible with getOperationMetadata(String).

In order to provide common behavior, all functions must follow a set of common rules related to the implementation of their setters, getters, operations and events:

  • The setter method must be executed synchronously. If the underlying protocol can return response to the setter call, it must be awaited. It simplifies the property value modifications and doesn't require asynchronous callback.

  • The operation method must be executed synchronously. If the underlying protocol can return an operation confirmation or response, they must be awaited. It simplifies the operation execution and doesn't require asynchronous callback.

  • The getter must return the last know cached property value. The device implementation is responsible to keep that value up to date. It'll speed up the applications when the function property values are collected. The same cached value can be shared between a few requests instead of a few calls to the real device.

  • The function operations, getters and setters must not override java.lang.Object and this interface methods.

141.6.5.1 public static final String SERVICE_DESCRIPTION = "dal.function.description"

The service property value contains the function description. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.5.2 public static final String SERVICE_DEVICE_UID = "dal.function.device.UID"

The service property value contains the device unique identifier. The function belongs to this device. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.5.3 public static final String SERVICE_OPERATION_NAMES = "dal.function.operation.names"

The service property value contains the function operation names. It's an optional property. The property is missing when there are no function operations and property must be set when there are function operations. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It's not possible to exist two or more function operations with the same name i.e. the operation overloading is not allowed.

141.6.5.4 public static final String SERVICE_PROPERTY_NAMES = "dal.function.property.names"

The service property value contains the function property names. It's an optional property. The property is missing when there are no function properties and property must be set when there are function properties. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It's not possible to exist two or more function properties with the same name.

141.6.5.5 public static final String SERVICE_REFERENCE_UIDS = "dal.function.reference.UIDs"

The service property value contains the reference function unique identifiers. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String[]. It can be used to represent different relationships between the functions.

141.6.5.6 public static final String SERVICE_TYPE = "dal.function.type"

The service property value contains the function type. It's an optional property. For example, the sensor function can have different types like temperature, pressure, etc. The value type is java.lang.String.

Organizations that want to use function types that do not clash with OSGi Working Group defined types should prefix their types in own namespace.

The type doesn't mandate specific function interface. It can be used with different functions.

141.6.5.7 public static final String SERVICE_UID = "dal.function.UID"

The service property value contains the function unique identifier. It's a mandatory property. The value type is java.lang.String. To simplify the unique identifier generation, the property value must follow the rule:

function UID ::= device-id ':' function-id

function UID - function unique identifier

device-id - the value of the Device.SERVICE_UID Device service property

function-id - function identifier in the scope of the device

If the function is not bound to a device, the function unique identifier can be device independent.

141.6.5.8 public static final String SERVICE_VERSION = "dal.function.version"

The service property value contains the function version. That version can point to specific implementation version and vary in the different vendor implementations. It's an optional property. The value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.5.9 public OperationMetadata getOperationMetadata(String operationName)

The function operation name, for which metadata is requested.

Provides metadata about the function operation.

This method must continue to return the operation metadata after the function service has been unregistered.

The operation metadata for the given operation name. null if the operation metadata is not available.

IllegalArgumentException– If the function operation with the specified name is not available.

141.6.5.10 public PropertyMetadata getPropertyMetadata(String propertyName)

The function property name, for which metadata is requested.

Provides metadata about the function property.

This method must continue to return the property metadata after the function service has been unregistered.

The property metadata for the given property name. null if the property metadata is not available.

IllegalArgumentException– If the function property with the specified name is not available.

141.6.5.11 public Object getServiceProperty(String propKey)

The property key.

Returns the current value of the specified property. The method will return the same value as ServiceReference.getProperty(String) for the service reference of this function.

This method must continue to return property values after the device function service has been unregistered.

The property value or null if the property key cannot be mapped to a value.

141.6.5.12 public String[] getServicePropertyKeys()

Returns an array with all function service property keys. The method will return the same value as ServiceReference.getPropertyKeys() for the service reference of this function. The result cannot be null .

An array with all function service property keys, cannot be null.

141.6.6 public abstract class FunctionData
implements Comparable<Object>

Abstract Function data wrapper. A subclass must be used for an access to the property values by all functions. It takes care about the timestamp and additional metadata. The subclasses are responsible to provide concrete value and unit if required.

141.6.6.1 public static final String DESCRIPTION = "description"

Metadata key, which value represents the data description. The property value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.6.2 public static final String FIELD_METADATA = "metadata"

Represents the metadata field name. The field value is available with getMetadata(). The field type is Map. The constant can be used as a key to FunctionData(Map).

141.6.6.3 public static final String FIELD_TIMESTAMP = "timestamp"

Represents the timestamp field name. The field value is available with getTimestamp(). The field type is long. The constant can be used as a key to FunctionData(Map).

141.6.6.4 public FunctionData(Map<String, ?> fields)

Contains the new FunctionData instance field values.

Constructs new FunctionData instance with the specified field values. The map keys must match to the field names. The map values will be assigned to the appropriate class fields. For example, the maps can be: {"timestamp"=Long(1384440775495)}. That map will initialize the FIELD_TIMESTAMP field with 1384440775495. If timestamp is missing, Long.MIN_VALUE is used.

ClassCastException– If the field value types are not expected.

NullPointerException– If the fields map is null.

141.6.6.5 public FunctionData(long timestamp, Map<String, ?> metadata)

The data timestamp optional field.

The data metadata optional field.

Constructs new FunctionData instance with the specified arguments.

141.6.6.6 public int compareTo(Object o)

FunctionData to be compared.

Compares this FunctionData instance with the given argument. If the argument is not FunctionData, it throws ClassCastException. Otherwise, this method returns:

  • -1 if this instance timestamp is less than the argument timestamp. If they are equivalent, it can be the result of the metadata map deep comparison.

  • 0 if all fields are equivalent.

  • 1 if this instance timestamp is greater than the argument timestamp. If they are equivalent, it can be the result of the metadata map deep comparison.

Metadata map deep comparison compares the elements of all nested java.util.Map and array instances. null is less than any other non-null instance.

-1, 0 or 1 depending on the comparison rules.

ClassCastException– If the method argument is not of type FunctionData or metadata maps contain values of different types for the same key.

NullPointerException– If the method argument is null.

java.lang.Comparable.compareTo(java.lang.Object)

141.6.6.7 public boolean equals(Object other)

The other instance to compare. It must be of FunctionData type.

Two FunctionData instances are equal if their metadata and timestamp are equivalent.

true if this instance and argument have equivalent metadata and timestamp, false otherwise.

java.lang.Object.equals(java.lang.Object)

141.6.6.8 public Map<String, ?> getMetadata()

Returns FunctionData metadata. It's dynamic metadata related only to this specific value. Possible keys:

FunctionData metadata or null is there is no metadata.

141.6.6.9 public long getTimestamp()

Returns FunctionData timestamp. The timestamp is the difference between the value collecting time and midnight, January 1, 1970 UTC. It's measured in milliseconds. The device driver is responsible to generate that value when the value is received from the device. java.lang.Long.MIN_VALUE value means no timestamp.

FunctionData timestamp.

141.6.6.10 public int hashCode()

Returns the hash code of this FunctionData.

FunctionData hash code.

java.lang.Object.hashCode()

141.6.7 public class FunctionEvent
extends Event

Asynchronous event, which marks a function property value modification. The event can be triggered when there is a new property value, but it's possible to have events in series with no value change. The event properties must contain:

141.6.7.1 public static final String EVENT_CLASS = "org/osgi/service/dal/FunctionEvent/"

Represents the event class. That constant can be useful for the event handlers depending on the event filters.

141.6.7.2 public static final String EVENT_PACKAGE = "org/osgi/service/dal/"

Represents the event package. That constant can be useful for the event handlers depending on the event filters.

141.6.7.3 public static final String FUNCTION_UID = "dal.function.UID"

Represents an event property key for function UID. The property value type is java.lang.String. The value represents the property value change source function identifier.

141.6.7.4 public static final String PROPERTY_NAME = "dal.function.property.name"

Represents an event property key for the function property name. The property value type is java.lang.String. The value represents the property name.

141.6.7.5 public static final String PROPERTY_VALUE = "dal.function.property.value"

Represents an event property key for the function property value. The property value type is a subclass of FunctionData. The value represents the property value.

141.6.7.6 public static final String TOPIC_PROPERTY_CHANGED = "org/osgi/service/dal/FunctionEvent/PROPERTY_CHANGED"

Represents the event topic for the function property changed.

141.6.7.7 public FunctionEvent(String topic, Dictionary<String, ?> properties)

The event topic.

The event properties.

Constructs a new event with the specified topic and properties.

141.6.7.8 public FunctionEvent(String topic, Map<String, ?> properties)

The event topic.

The event properties.

Constructs a new event with the specified topic and properties.

141.6.7.9 public FunctionEvent(String topic, String functionUID, String propName, FunctionData propValue)

The event topic.

The event source function UID.

The event source property name.

The event source property value.

Constructs a new event with the specified topic, function UID, property name and property value.

141.6.7.10 public String getFunctionPropertyName()

Returns the property name. The value is same as the value of PROPERTY_NAME.

The property name.

141.6.7.11 public FunctionData getFunctionPropertyValue()

Returns the property value. The value is same as the value of PROPERTY_VALUE.

The property value.

141.6.7.12 public String getFunctionUID()

Returns the property value change source function identifier. The value is same as the value of FUNCTION_UID property.

The property value change source function.

141.6.8 public interface OperationMetadata

Contains metadata about function operation.

Function, PropertyMetadata

141.6.8.1 public static final String DESCRIPTION = "description"

Metadata key, which value represents the operation description. The property value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.8.2 public Map<String, ?> getMetadata()

Returns metadata about the function operation. The keys of the java.util.Map result must be of java.lang.String type. Possible keys:

The operation metadata or null if no such metadata is available.

141.6.8.3 public PropertyMetadata[] getParametersMetadata()

Returns metadata about the operation parameters or null if no such metadata is available.

Operation parameters metadata.

141.6.8.4 public PropertyMetadata getReturnValueMetadata()

Returns metadata about the operation return value or null if no such metadata is available.

Operation return value metadata.

141.6.9 public interface PropertyMetadata

Contains metadata about a function property, a function operation parameter or a function operation return value. The access to the function properties is a bitmap value of ACCESS metadata key. Function properties can be accessed in three ways. Any combinations between them are possible:

  • ACCESS_READABLE - available for all properties, which can be read. Function must provide a getter method for an access to the property value.

  • ACCESS_WRITABLE - available for all properties, which can be modified. Function must provide a setter method for a modification of the property value.

  • ACCESS_EVENTABLE - available for all properties, which can report the property value. FunctionEvents are sent on property change.

Function, PropertyMetadata

141.6.9.1 public static final String ACCESS = "access"

Metadata key, which value represents the access to the function property. The property value is a bitmap of Integer type. The bitmap can be any combination of:

For example, value Integer(3) means that the property is readable and writable, but not eventable.

The property access is available only for function properties and it's missing for the operation parameters.

141.6.9.2 public static final int ACCESS_EVENTABLE = 4

Marks the eventable function properties. The flag can be used as a part of bitmap value of ACCESS.

Function

141.6.9.3 public static final int ACCESS_READABLE = 1

Marks the readable function properties. The flag can be used as a part of bitmap value of ACCESS. The readable access mandates function to provide a property getter method.

Function

141.6.9.4 public static final int ACCESS_WRITABLE = 2

Marks the writable function properties. The flag can be used as a part of bitmap value of ACCESS. The writable access mandates function to provide a property setter methods.

Function

141.6.9.5 public static final String DESCRIPTION = "description"

Metadata key, which value represents the property description. The property value type is java.lang.String.

141.6.9.6 public static final String UNITS = "units"

Metadata key, which value represents the property supported units. The property value type is java.lang.String[]. The array first element at index 0 represents the default unit. Each unit must follow those rules:

  • The International System of Units must be used where it's applicable. For example, kg for kilogram and km for kilometer.

  • If the unit name matches to an Unicode symbol name, the Unicode symbol must be used. For example, the degree unit matches to the Unicode degree sign (°).

  • If the unit name doesn't match to an Unicode symbol, the unit symbol must be built by Unicode Basic Latin block of characters, superscript and subscript characters. For example, watt per square meter steradian is built by W/(m² sr).

If those rules cannot be applied to the unit symbol, custom rules are allowed. A set of predefined unit symbols are available in SIUnits interface.

141.6.9.7 public FunctionData[] getEnumValues(String unit)

The unit to align the supported values, can be null.

Returns the property possible values according to the specified unit. If the unit is null, the values set is aligned to the default unit. If there is no such set of supported values, null is returned. The values must be sorted in increasing order.

The supported values according to the specified unit or null if no such values are supported. The values must be sorted in increasing order.

IllegalArgumentException– If the unit is not supported.

141.6.9.8 public FunctionData getMaxValue(String unit)

The unit to align the maximum value, can be null .

Returns the property maximum value according to the specified unit. If the unit is null, the maximum value is aligned to the default unit. If there is no maximum value, null is returned.

The maximum value according to the specified unit or null if no maximum value is supported.

IllegalArgumentException– If the unit is not supported.

141.6.9.9 public Map<String, ?> getMetadata(String unit)

The unit to align the metadata if it's applicable. It can be null, which means that the default unit will be used.

Returns metadata about the function property or operation parameter. The keys of the java.util.Map result must be of java.lang.String type. Possible keys:

  • DESCRIPTION - doesn't depend on the given unit.

  • ACCESS - available only for function property and missing for function operation parameters. It doesn't depend on the given unit.

  • UNITS - doesn't depend on the given unit.

  • custom key - can depend on the unit. Organizations that want to use custom keys that do not clash with OSGi Working Group defined should prefix their keys in own namespace.

The property metadata or null if no such metadata is available.

141.6.9.10 public FunctionData getMinValue(String unit)

The unit to align the minimum value, can be null .

Returns the property minimum value according to the specified unit. If the unit is null, the minimum value is aligned to the default unit. If there is no minimum value, null is returned.

The minimum value according to the specified unit or null if no minimum value is supported.

IllegalArgumentException– If the unit is not supported.

141.6.9.11 public FunctionData getStep(String unit)

The unit to align the step, can be null.

Returns the difference between two values in series. For example, if the range is [0, 100], the step can be 10.

The step according to the specified unit or null if no step is supported.

IllegalArgumentException– If the unit is not supported.

141.6.10 public final class SIUnits

Contains most of the International System of Units unit symbols. The constant name represents the unit name. The constant value represents the unit symbol as it's defined in PropertyMetadata.UNITS.

141.6.10.1 public static final String AMPERE = "A"

Unit of electric current defined by the International System of Units (SI). It's one of be base units called ampere.

141.6.10.2 public static final String AMPERE_PER_METER = "A/m"

Unit of magnetic field strength. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called ampere per meter.

141.6.10.3 public static final String AMPERE_PER_SQUARE_METER = "A/m\u00b2"

Unit of current density. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called ampere per square meter.

141.6.10.4 public static final String ANGSTROM = "\u212b"

Unit of length. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called angstrom.

141.6.10.5 public static final String BAR = "bar"

Unit of pressure. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called bar.

141.6.10.6 public static final String BARN = "b"

Unit of area. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called barn.

141.6.10.7 public static final String BECQUEREL = "Bq"

Unit of activity referred to a radionuclide. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called becquerel.

141.6.10.8 public static final String BEL = "B"

Unit of logarithmic ratio quantities. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called bel.

141.6.10.9 public static final String CANDELA = "cd"

Unit of luminous intensity defined by the International System of Units (SI). It's one of be base units called candela.

141.6.10.10 public static final String CANDELA_PER_SQUARE_METER = "cd/m\u00b2"

Unit of luminance. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called candela per square meter.

141.6.10.11 public static final String COULOMB = "C"

Unit of electronic charge, amount of electricity. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called coulomb.

141.6.10.12 public static final String COULOMB_PER_CUBIC_METER = "C/m\u00b3"

Unit of electric charge density. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called coulomb per cubic meter.

141.6.10.13 public static final String COULOMB_PER_KILOGRAM = "C/kg"

Unit of exposure (x- and gamma-rays). It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called coulomb per kilogram.

141.6.10.14 public static final String COULOMB_PER_SQUARE_METER = "C/m\u00b2"

Unit of surface charge density, electric flux density, electric displacement. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called coulomb per square meter.

141.6.10.15 public static final String CUBIC_METER = "m\u00b3"

Unit of volume. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called cubic meter.

141.6.10.16 public static final String CUBIC_METER_PER_KILOGRAM = "m\u00b3/kg"

Unit of specific volume. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called cubic meter per kilogram.

141.6.10.17 public static final String DAY = "d"

Unit of time. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called day.

141.6.10.18 public static final String DECIBEL = "dB"

Unit of logarithmic ratio quantities. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called decibel.

141.6.10.19 public static final String DEGREE = "\u00b0"

Unit of plane angle. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called degree.

141.6.10.20 public static final String DEGREE_CELSIUS = "\u2103"

Unit of Celsius temperature. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called degree Celsius.

141.6.10.21 public static final String DYNE = "dyn"

Unit of force. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called dyne.

141.6.10.22 public static final String ERG = "erg"

Unit of energy. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called erg.

141.6.10.23 public static final String FARAD = "F"

Unit of capacitance. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called farad.

141.6.10.24 public static final String FARAD_PER_METER = "F/m"

Unit of permittivity. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called farad per meter.

141.6.10.25 public static final String GAL = "Gal"

Unit of acceleration. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called gal.

141.6.10.26 public static final String GAUSS = "G"

Unit of magnetic flux density. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called gauss.

141.6.10.27 public static final String GRAY = "Gy"

Unit of absorbed dose, specific energy (imparted), kerma. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called gray.

141.6.10.28 public static final String GRAY_PER_SECOND = "Gy/s"

Unit of absorbed dose rate. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called gray per second.

141.6.10.29 public static final String HECTARE = "ha"

Unit of area. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called hectare.

141.6.10.30 public static final String HENRY = "H"

Unit of inductance. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called henry.

141.6.10.31 public static final String HENRY_PER_METER = "H/m"

Unit of permeability. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called henry per meter.

141.6.10.32 public static final String HERTZ = "Hz"

Unit of frequency. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called hertz.

141.6.10.33 public static final String HOUR = "h"

Unit of time. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called hour.

141.6.10.34 public static final String JOULE = "J"

Unit of energy, work, amount of electricity. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called joule.

141.6.10.35 public static final String JOULE_PER_CUBIC_METER = "J/m\u00b3"

Unit of energy density. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called joule per cubic meter.

141.6.10.36 public static final String JOULE_PER_KELVIN = "J/\u212a"

Unit of heat capacity, entropy. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called joule per kelvin.

141.6.10.37 public static final String JOULE_PER_KILOGRAM = "J/kg"

Unit of specific energy. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called joule per kilogram.

141.6.10.38 public static final String JOULE_PER_KILOGRAM_KELVIN = "J/(kg \u212a)"

Unit of specific heat capacity, specific entropy. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called joule per kilogram kelvin.

141.6.10.39 public static final String JOULE_PER_MOLE = "J/mol"

Unit of molar energy. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called joule per mole.

141.6.10.40 public static final String JOULE_PER_MOLE_KELVIN = "J/(mol \u212a)"

Unit of molar entropy, molar heat capacity. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called joule per mole kelvin.

141.6.10.41 public static final String KATAL = "kat"

Unit of catalytic activity. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called katal.

141.6.10.42 public static final String KATAL_PER_CUBIC_METER = "kat/m\u00b3"

Unit of catalytic activity concentration. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called katal per cubic meter.

141.6.10.43 public static final String KELVIN = "\u212a"

Unit of thermodynamic temperature defined by the International System of Units (SI). It's one of be base units called kelvin.

141.6.10.44 public static final String KILOGRAM = "kg"

Unit of mass defined by the International System of Units (SI). It's one of be base units called kilogram.

141.6.10.45 public static final String KILOGRAM_PER_CUBIC_METER = "kg/m\u00b3"

Unit of density, mass density, mass concentration. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called kilogram per cubic meter.

141.6.10.46 public static final String KILOGRAM_PER_SQUARE_METER = "kg/m\u00b2"

Unit of surface density. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called kilogram per square meter.

141.6.10.47 public static final String KNOT = "kn"

Unit of speed. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called knot.

141.6.10.48 public static final String LITER = "l"

Unit of volume. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called liter. International System of Units accepts two symbols: lower-case l and capital L. That constant value is using the lower-case l.

141.6.10.49 public static final String LUMEN = "lm"

Unit of luminous flux. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called lumen.

141.6.10.50 public static final String LUX = "lx"

Unit of illuminance. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called lux.

141.6.10.51 public static final String MAXWELL = "Mx"

Unit of magnetic flux. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called maxwell.

141.6.10.52 public static final String METER = "m"

Unit of length defined by the International System of Units (SI). It's one of be base units called meter.

141.6.10.53 public static final String METER_PER_SECOND = "m/s"

Unit of speed, velocity. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called meter per second.

141.6.10.54 public static final String METER_PER_SECOND_SQUARED = "m/s\u00b2"

Unit of acceleration. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called meter per second squared.

141.6.10.55 public static final String MILLIMETER_OF_MERCURY = "mmHg"

Unit of pressure. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called millimeter of mercury.

141.6.10.56 public static final String MOLE = "mol"

Unit of amount of substance defined by the International System of Units (SI). It's one of be base units called mole.

141.6.10.57 public static final String MOLE_PER_CUBIC_METER = "mol/m\u00b3"

Unit of amount concentration, concentration. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called mole per cubic meter.

141.6.10.58 public static final String NAUTICAL_MILE = "M"

Unit of distance. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called nautical mile.

141.6.10.59 public static final String NEPER = "Np"

Unit of logarithmic ratio quantities. It's one of other non-SI units. The unit is called neper.

141.6.10.60 public static final String NEWTON = "N"

Unit of force. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called newton.

141.6.10.61 public static final String NEWTON_METER = "N m"

Unit of moment of force. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called newton meter.

141.6.10.62 public static final String NEWTON_PER_METER = "N/m"

Unit of surface tension. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called newton per meter.

141.6.10.63 public static final String OERSTED = "Oe"

Unit of magnetic field. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called oersted.

141.6.10.64 public static final String OHM = "\u2126"

Unit of electric resistance. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called ohm.

141.6.10.65 public static final String PASCAL = "Pa"

Unit of pressure, stress. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called pascal.

141.6.10.66 public static final String PASCAL_SECOND = "Pa s"

Unit of dynamic viscosity. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called pascal second.

141.6.10.67 public static final String PHOT = "ph"

Unit of illuminance. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called phot.

141.6.10.68 public static final String PLANE_ANGLE_MINUTE = "\u2032"

Unit of plane angle. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called minute.

141.6.10.69 public static final String PLANE_ANGLE_SECOND = "\u2033"

Unit of plane angle. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called second.

141.6.10.70 public static final String POISE = "P"

Unit of dynamic viscosity. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called poise.

141.6.10.71 public static final String PREFIX_ATTO = "a"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called atto and represents the 18th negative power of ten.

141.6.10.72 public static final String PREFIX_CENTI = "c"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called centi and represents the 2nd negative power of ten.

141.6.10.73 public static final String PREFIX_DECA = "da"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called deca and represents the 1st power of ten.

141.6.10.74 public static final String PREFIX_DECI = "d"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called deci and represents the 1st negative power of ten.

141.6.10.75 public static final String PREFIX_EXA = "E"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called exa and represents the 18th power of ten.

141.6.10.76 public static final String PREFIX_FEMTO = "f"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called femto and represents the 15th negative power of ten.

141.6.10.77 public static final String PREFIX_GIGA = "G"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called giga and represents the 9th power of ten.

141.6.10.78 public static final String PREFIX_HECTO = "h"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called hecto and represents the 2nd power of ten.

141.6.10.79 public static final String PREFIX_KILO = "k"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called kilo and represents the 3rd power of ten.

141.6.10.80 public static final String PREFIX_MEGA = "M"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called mega and represents the 6th power of ten.

141.6.10.81 public static final String PREFIX_MICRO = "\u00b5"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called micro and represents the 6th negative power of ten.

141.6.10.82 public static final String PREFIX_MILLI = "m"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called milli and represents the 3rd negative power of ten.

141.6.10.83 public static final String PREFIX_NANO = "n"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called nano and represents the 9th negative power of ten.

141.6.10.84 public static final String PREFIX_PICO = "p"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called pico and represents the 12th negative power of ten.

141.6.10.85 public static final String PREFIX_YOCTO = "y"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called yocto and represents the 24th negative power of ten.

141.6.10.86 public static final String PREFIX_YOTTA = "Y"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called yotta and represents the 24th power of ten.

141.6.10.87 public static final String PREFIX_ZEPTO = "z"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal submultiples of SI units. It's called zepto and represents the 21th negative power of ten.

141.6.10.88 public static final String PREFIX_ZETTA = "Z"

Adopted prefix symbol to form the symbols of the decimal multiples of SI units. It's called zetta and represents the 21th power of ten.

141.6.10.89 public static final String RADIAN = "rad"

Unit of plane angle. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called radian.

141.6.10.90 public static final String RADIAN_PER_SECOND = "rad/s"

Unit of angular velocity. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called radian per second.

141.6.10.91 public static final String RADIAN_PER_SECOND_SQUARED = "rad/s\u00b2"

Unit of angular acceleration. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called radian per second squared.

141.6.10.92 public static final String RECIPROCAL_METER = "m\u207b\u00b9"

Unit of wavenumber. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called reciprocal meter.

141.6.10.93 public static final String SECOND = "s"

Unit of time defined by the International System of Units (SI). It's one of be base units called second.

141.6.10.94 public static final String SIEMENS = "S"

Unit of electric conductance. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called siemens.

141.6.10.95 public static final String SIEVERT = "Sv"

Unit of dose equivalent, ambient dose equivalent, directional dose equivalent, personal dose equivalent. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called sievert.

141.6.10.96 public static final String SQUARE_METER = "m\u00b2"

Unit of area. It's one of coherent derived units in the SI expressed in terms of base units. The unit is called square meter.

141.6.10.97 public static final String STERADIAN = "sr"

Unit of solid angle. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called steradian.

141.6.10.98 public static final String STILB = "sb"

Unit of luminance. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called stilb.

141.6.10.99 public static final String STOKES = "St"

Unit of kinematic viscosity. It's one of non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units. The unit is called stokes.

141.6.10.100 public static final String TESLA = "T"

Unit of magnetic flux density. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called tesla.

141.6.10.101 public static final String TIME_MINUTE = "min"

Unit of time. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called minute.

141.6.10.102 public static final String TONNE = "t"

Unit of mass. It's one of non-SI units accepted for use with the International System of Units. The unit is called tonne.

141.6.10.103 public static final String VOLT = "V"

Unit of electric potential difference, electromotive force. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called volt.

141.6.10.104 public static final String VOLT_PER_METER = "V/m"

Unit of electric field strength. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called volt per meter.

141.6.10.105 public static final String WATT = "W"

Unit of power, radiant flux. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called watt.

141.6.10.106 public static final String WATT_PER_METER_KELVIN = "W/(m \u212a)"

Unit of thermal conductivity. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called watt per meter kelvin.

141.6.10.107 public static final String WATT_PER_SQUARE_METER = "W/m\u00b2"

Unit of heat flux density, irradiance. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called watt per square meter.

141.6.10.108 public static final String WATT_PER_SQUARE_METER_STERADIAN = "W/(m\u00b2 sr)"

Unit of radiance. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called watt per square meter steradian.

141.6.10.109 public static final String WATT_PER_STERADIAN = "W/sr"

Unit of radiant intensity. It's one of coherent derived units whose names and symbols include SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols. The unit is called watt per steradian.

141.6.10.110 public static final String WEBER = "Wb"

Unit of magnetic flux. It's one of the coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols. The unit is called weber.